In our study of Hebrews we have come to the great faith chapter, chapter 11, and the author is giving a roll call of the heroes of faith.  He introduced this doctrine of faith in chapter 10 vs 38, saying that “my righteous one shall live by faith.”  And we have said that the emphasis given in that verse is on “shall live.”  So he says that righteousness is granted on the basis of faith.

Then, you will remember he described faith in chapter 11 vs 1, saying, “Now faith is the assurance of [things] hoped for, the conviction of things not seen. For by it the men of old gained approval.”  And in our message last week we concluded that based on the context of that statement we might say faith is being sure of what we hoped for, and certain of what we do not see, as revealed by the word of God, so that we might live in accordance to that faith.

And that brought us to the hall of fame of faith, in which he gives illustrations of living faith in the men of old.  He started with Abel, who was an example of the worship of faith, then Enoch, who illustrates the walk of faith, then Noah illustrates the working of faith.  We looked at all three of those men last time.  

Now this week we begin to look at his account of the faith of Abraham.  Abraham is often called the father of faith, or the father of the faithful.  In Romans 4:16 Paul says that salvation is of faith “according to grace, so that the promise might be sure to all the seed, not only to those who are of the law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all.”   And it’s interesting that all  three major world religions consider Abraham as their father, Christians, Jews and Muslims. 

Abraham’s faith illustrates all of the aspects we have seen so far in the previous men of old, and then some.  He is a great example of living faith.  He is the premier example of saving faith as well.  We are given Abraham as an example of saving faith in Romans 4:3,  Galatians 3:6, and James 2:23, all of which say essentially the same thing, which quote from Genesis 15:6, which says, “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.”

In other words, Abraham is given as the premier illustration that men are saved by faith and not by works. He was justified by faith in the Lord. But as James says, faith without works is dead.  And to that end, James says that faith produces works.  James 2:21-23  “Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered up Isaac his son on the altar?  You see that faith was working with his works, and as a result of the works, faith was perfected;  and the Scripture was fulfilled which says, “AND ABRAHAM BELIEVED GOD, AND IT WAS RECKONED TO HIM AS RIGHTEOUSNESS,” and he was called the friend of God. You see that a man is justified by works and not by faith alone.”  In other words, Abraham was justified by acting on that faith, not just by passively believing, but actively trusting and then acting upon that belief in what God had promised. 

Now that sort of living faith is what I think the author of Hebrews wants to illustrate here.  That not just a profession of faith, but  a life of faith that is essential to the Christian life.  I have determined that there are 7 characteristics of living faith that are illustrated for us here in the life of Abraham.  There are many things that can be learned from the life of Abraham, but these 7 characteristics are given to us here in this passage, and I think that they are all examples that are for our benefit, if we are to truly live by faith and receive approval from God.

Number one, Abraham illustrates the obedience of faith.  Vs 8, “By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed by going out to a place which he was to receive for an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing where he was going.” 

Notice first that Abraham was called by God.  The scriptures clearly teach that God calls men and women to follow Him, to become His disciples. There is a sovereign call of God that is God’s prerogative, and I confess that I do not understand how it works.  But I am satisfied that He is just, and He is good, and that He has come to seek and to save those that are lost.  But though I do not understand His call, yet I believe it’s His divine right, and no man comes to Christ unless God draws him. 

But though that may be true, it is also true that it’s man’s responsibility to respond in obedience to that call.  And somehow God’s sovereignty and man’s responsibility are both in play.  I am not responsible for God’s call, but I am responsible for my obedience to that call.  And Abraham was found faithful because he was obedient to the call of God.  He went out from the land of Ur of Chaldee, a pagan country, the land of his fathers, who were idolators, and he went out following the call of God.  He acted in obedience to the word of God.  It’s so important to recognize that if Abraham said he believed God but remained where he was, then it would be evident that he did not have faith.  But he was obedient to God’s call, which was the evidence of his faith.

And that an example of  faith according to vs 1, isn’t it? “Faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen.” Abraham went out not knowing where he was going, as vs 1 indicates faith is the evidence of things not seen.  Faith steps obediently into the unknown being assured that what God has said promised was true.  Let’s not ever minimize the importance of obedience. Faith and obedience are inseparable.  As James said, your obedience by your works is evidence of your profession of faith.  Bottom line, if you say you love God, but don’t do the works of God, then either you are a liar or God is.  I would suggest that the evidence for your faith is your obedience. 

Obedience doesn’t mean perfection though.  Anyone who has studied Abraham knows he wasn’t perfect.  He fell short several times in his life.  But his faith justified him so that when God recounts the life of Abraham he says he was considered righteous in the sight of God because of his faith.

Secondly, Abraham lived by faith. This has already been said, but it’s illustrated in vs9 “By faith he lived as an alien in the land of promise, as in a foreign [land,] dwelling in tents with Isaac and Jacob, fellow heirs of the same promise;  for he was looking for the city which has foundations, whose architect and builder is God.”

I think a lot of us are happy to consider ourselves saved by faith, but then we live according to what we think is the reality of the world.  Abraham was in the world, but not of the world.  He didn’t live in a palace, which he probably could have afforded, simply because he was looking for the city of God.  His citizenship was in heaven, the heavenly Jerusalem.  Some of us are living like we are going to be here forever.  I remember many years ago when I was a successful antiques dealer, I built a big brick house in the Williamsburg style.  And I spared no expense in making sure all the details were correct for the period.  I had wide plank flooring throughout, 10 foot ceilings, four fireplaces, the works.  And I told myself that I would live there all my life, and then I would pass it on to my kids and they could live there, maybe their kids after them.  But God had other plans.  He took my house away from me that I might not be so attached to things of this world, and to have my hope fixed on the house which God is preparing for me.  Abraham didn’t put down roots  in this world.  He was looking forward to what God had prepared for him, and furthermore, he separated himself from the idolatry of the world, even to the extent of leaving his family.  Nothing was more important than being close to the Lord.

Thirdly, Abraham looked by faith. Vs10, “he looked for a city which hath foundations, whose builder and maker is God.”  Another way of saying that might be that Abraham kept his eyes upwards.  He had a spiritual perspective.  He saw through the lens of hope in a future which God promised him.  He was not focused on the reality of his present circumstances, but he was focused on eternal things.  That eternal perspective is illustrated in vs 13, “All these died in faith, without receiving the promises, but having seen them and having welcomed them from a distance, and having confessed that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.” 

Listen, there is a real temptation in evangelical circles today to think of the Christian life in terms of the physical, and not the spiritual.  We want to ascribe faith to the idea that God wants us to be successful, God wants us to be healthy, wealthy and wise. God wants us to live our best life now, and that means that we get to have our cake and eat it too.  I used to think that way when I was an antiques dealer.  I thought that being a Christian meant that God would bless me financially and materially, and bless me in regards to my health.  I had to go through some really difficult times, financial ruin, physical illness, seeing my career go up in smoke, and the loss of those things that made me change my perspective, from me being the center of my world, to God being the center of my world.  Abraham kept looking up.  He had a spiritual perspective and looked for fulfillment of God’s promises in eternity.

The fourth aspect of faith we see in the life of Abraham is the power of faith. Now vs 11 illustrates this principle.  But there are some problems in the translation.  And the best translators think that this verse is speaking of Abraham’s faith in regards to Sarah’s ability to conceive.  Now I can’t explain that, since I’m not a Hebrew scholar.  But those that are think that is the proper meaning of this text.  Anyhow, it takes two to tango, as they say, so I think it’s fair to include both Abraham and Sarah as having the power of faith to conceive, though they were both physically well beyond their time in life when that would have been possible.  

So vs 11 should read, “By faith Abraham also together with Sarah received ability, or the power to conceive, even beyond the proper time of life, since he considered Him faithful who had promised.”  Paul said in Romans 4:19 concerning Abraham, “Without becoming weak in faith he contemplated his own body, now as good as dead since he was about a hundred years old, and the deadness of Sarah’s womb; yet, with respect to the promise of God, he did not waver in unbelief but grew strong in faith, giving glory to God, and being fully assured that what God had promised, He was able also to perform.  Therefore IT WAS ALSO CREDITED TO HIM AS RIGHTEOUSNESS.”

You will remember that God gave Abraham the promise 25 years before that he would have a son, and yet God waited until there was no human possibility any more in Abraham or Sarah’s bodies, until he was 100 years old before bringing about the conception of Isaac, that we might know that the power of God is not limited by what is humanly possible, but His power is made perfect in our weakness. God is the God of impossibles.  Jesus said in Mark 10:27 “With men [it is] impossible, but not with God; for with God all things are possible.”  But as a caveat, let me remind you that the impossible was according to the promise of God.  God promised it, with man it was impossible, but God’s power overcame man’s weakness.

The next characteristic of the faith of Abraham is he had faith even in death. Verse13 “All these died in faith, without receiving the promises, but having seen them and having welcomed them from a distance, and having confessed that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.  For those who say such things make it clear that they are seeking a country of their own.  And indeed if they had been thinking of that [country] from which they went out, they would have had opportunity to return. But as it is, they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God; for He has prepared a city for them.”

Abraham and his heirs were convinced that God would fulfill His promises to them, and even in death they continued to look forward o the fulfillment of those promises.  They believed in the promises so fully, that their faith was not diminished by death.  And that is because faith believes that eternal life is from God, and though this body may pass away, they will continue to live through Him.  

Christian faith confidently looks beyond death, because we believe in the promise of everlasting life.  Jesus said in Mark 12:26 concerning Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, “But regarding the fact that the dead rise again, have you not read in the book of Moses, in the [passage] about [the burning] bush, how God spoke to him, saying, ‘I AM THE GOD OF ABRAHAM, AND THE GOD OF ISAAC, AND THE GOD OF JACOB’?  “He is not the God of the dead, but of the living…”  In other words, Jesus was saying that the patriarchs were still living. 

And Jesus said in John 11:26 “everyone who lives and believes in Me will never die. Do you believe this?”  Well, Abraham certainly believed in that, because Jesus said later, that Abraham rejoiced to see My day, and He saw it and was glad.” (John 8:56).  Hebrews 2:14 tells us that Satan keeps us in bondage through the fear of death, but Christ has died to take away death and render him powerless.  That’s the triumph of our faith; death has lost it’s power.

The 6th characteristic of the faith of Abraham is probably his most famous, and that the testing of his faith. In vs 17, “By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and he who had received the promises was offering up his only begotten son;  it was he to whom it was said, ‘IN ISAAC YOUR DESCENDANTS SHALL BE CALLED.’”

Abraham’s offering up of Isaac was the supreme demonstration of his faith.  All of the aspects of faith were tested in this great event.  The test of one’s faith reveals the character of one’s faith. And Abraham’s test of faith revealed the character of his worship.  In fact as I’ve often pointed out, worship is first mentioned specifically in the Bible in this context.  When Abraham is about to leave his servants and travel on to the mountain alone with Isaac, he says in Genesis 22:5, “Stay here with the donkey, and I and the lad will go over there; and we will worship and return to you.” What an amazing way to speak of sacrificing your child, as worship to God. I’m ashamed to consider how we have trivialized worship today, merely clapping hands and watching people sing.  The first point of worship is sacrifice, and that is, according to Romans 12:1 primarily laying down your bodies, your life, as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your reasonable service of worship.  

So Abraham offered up his son, which he had waited faithfully for 25 years to receive from God, and he called it worship.  Next  revealed  in this test is Abraham’s obedience.  Abraham didn’t delay, he immediately got up early the next morning and set out on the three day journey to Mt. Moriah. He was obedient even though it must have broken his heart.  He was obedient even though it must have been unbearably hard.  He was obedient even though he could not see how it could possibly work out.  He was obedient because he valued friendship with God as more important than any human relationship.  Thus James said Abraham was called the friend of God.  Jesus said, “How can you say to Me Lord, Lord and do not the things that I say?”  If you love the Lord, then you will be obedient to the Lord and put Him first above all else.

The other primary aspect of Abraham’s test is that it revealed his faith in the face of death.  Abraham not only believed in life after death, but he believed that God was able to raise the dead.  Our author makes the point that Abraham had received a specific promise; that “IN ISAAC YOUR DESCENDANTS SHALL BE CALLED.”  So Abraham believed God’s promise so completely, that he knew that somehow God would have to raise Isaac from the dead in order to fulfill that promise. 

Notice also the text I read from Genesis 22 while ago, Abraham said “the boy and I will go over there, and WE will worship and return to you.”  So Abraham had supreme confidence in the promise of God, and in the power of God to raise even the dead.  What faith!  But again, I want to remind you that in every circumstance, in every testing, Abraham’s faith is founded not on his own preferences or wishes, but upon the promises of God.  Faith without an underlying promise of God is not faith at all, its’ just wishful thinking.

The last point is almost a restatement of the previous one, Abraham calculated his faith. The text says considered, or in other versions its accounting, or considered, or reasoned.  All of which are trying to express the idea in our modern lingo that Abraham did the math. Our faith is founded on the promises of God which cannot fail.  He considered all that God had said, all that God had brought about, all that God had promised concerning the future, and he calculated that God was able to raise the dead.  Now I’m sure that Abraham had never seen anyone ever raised from the dead before.  But when he considered all that God had promised and what God had done, he deduced that was God’s only option.  Because he knew that God kept His promises, His word will not fail.  

And though none of us have ever witnessed someone being raised from the dead, we believe in the promise of God that we who are dead in Christ will rise first, then we which are alive and remain will be caught up together with the Lord at the last trumpet, and we will live forever with the Lord.  I hope we believe it as fervently and calculatingly as Abraham did.  After all, we have the resurrected Jesus who has gone on before us, being witnessed by 500 people after his death.  Abraham had none of that.  

But what else Abraham saw and believed in this is something special as well.  And that is the author says “from which he also received him (that is Isaac) back as a type.”  What that is referring to I have already mentioned.  But in this illustration of the ram caught in the thicket to provide a substitute for Isaac, was a parable or a type of Jesus, who was the Lamb of God slain for the sins of the world.  And in light of that illustration, many believe is what is meant by Jesus saying, “Abraham rejoiced to see my day, and he saw it and was glad.”  

In other words, Abraham recognized what God was promising.  That through Isaac, His seed would be called, through whom all the nations of the world would be blessed, and He that was to come would be the one who would crush the serpent’s head, by offering Himself as our substitute, to take our place in death, and God would raise Him from the dead, and seat Him on the throne of majesty on high, as our Savior and Lord.  Abraham saw figuratively at that point Jesus Christ, the only begotten Son of God who would take away the punishment due to us.  No wonder Abraham rejoiced to see that day.  He received life for his son, and in the ram caught in the thicket he saw the antitype of Christ, the Savior of the world.  

Well, that’s the faith of Abraham.  It’s saving faith.  It’s faith to live by.  It’s faith to die by.  It’s a life of faith.  But that life of faith must have a beginning.  We are born again by faith in Jesus Christ.  To believe in Him is first and foremost believing in who He is and what He came to earth to do for me, and what He ever lives to do as my High Priest.  And my response to His call is to repent of my sins, and turn from the world and follow Him in obedience.  And God said my faith is credited as righteousness.  By grace are you saved through faith, and that not of yourselves, its a gift of God, not of works, lest any man should boast. I pray that you respond to Him in faith today, and accept Jesus Christ as your Savior and Lord, that you may receive new life through Him and that you might continue to live by faith that we might have victory over sin and the world and even death.